Genetic mutations of the 30 most common cancers were discovered - Tech & Net

GenomeWeb News , a large international team led by researchers at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute could create a catalog changes Genome signatures.

According to the reports mentioned today in the journal Nature, the researchers gathered data from over 7000 genomes of cancer , with the aim of uncovering which profiles characteristic of genetic mutations in 30 most common types of cancer .

This research has resulted

at least 20 signatures mutational , which tend to be found in different combinations in tumors that depend on several factors such as the person’s age, type of cancer, exposure agents mutants have in their own DNA and so forth.

However

more research is needed to understand the various DNA replication failures, problems, repair and mutagenic changes can produce this mutational signature set and thus prevent the onset of various types of cancer.

According to author Michael Stratton, an investigator of the project said in a statement “This compendium of signatures of mutation and consequent results on the processes that underlie them, has profound implications for understanding the development of cancer “and added, ” with potential applications in the prevention and treatment of disease. “

Applying a method similar to the computational data exome sequence (efficient strategy to selectively sequence the coding regions of the genome as a cheaper alternative even more effective for whole genome sequencing) to 6,535 cancer cases as well as genomes 507 , Michael Stratton and his colleagues have identified nearly 5 million somatic substitutions, small insertions and small deletions in tumors representative of 30 most common types of cancer .

Based on these findings to date, the investigators suspected that at least two subscription types are mutational play on most types of cancer. Nevertheless, they noted that some of the signatures appear to be specific to a narrow range of cancers, while others are much more common. For example it is known that chemicals from tobacco smoke or ultraviolet radiation respectively damage the DNA of cells in the lungs and skin and later develop cancer.

Some of mutational

signatures which are documented in the study could be explained at least partly by processes proposed in the past. One of many examples is that the genomes existing pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, ovarian they all had a type of mutational pattern occurring in the presence of alterations in BRCA1 or BRCA2.

With this discovery researchers hope that the treatment and prevention of cancer are getting better. With regard to all those who suffer from this disease, this finding is seen as a new hope that a cure is near.

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Susana Dias

Susana Dias is a student of the Master in Computer Engineering at the University of Coimbra and its areas of interest and Programming Web Technologies Follow her on Google +